At this critical juncture in international relations, the lecture addresses some of the most significant developments that herald change and challenges for all regions, particularly the Arab world. The most impactful shifts will likely have lasting consequences for the global order, which is no longer compatible with unfolding events. Established practices that relied on the balance of power and various areas of influence are proving ineffective in ensuring security and stability, amid the globalization of markets and information, and the regionalization of conflicts. This raises a number of questions about the transition from a unipolar to multipolar global order, and from a balance of power to balance of interests system. In response to these developments, countries in the Arab world and wider Middle East are focused on crucial issues, including the stability of national identity and loyalty, restoring regional balance, and strengthening the Arab position regionally and globally. This is particularly important at a time when external factors are impacting developments throughout the Middle East.